YouTube Video- Teaching

Webquest final product

https://sites.google.com/site/mcdonaldwebquest/conclusion/home-page/introduction

Digital Media Final product

Life of a Butterfly by dmcdonald1977 on Storybird

IPad Review

The two app’s that I have chosen are “Oregon Trail”, and “Awesome Arithmetic”. 

 The Oregon Trail game would be good to use for a  fifth grade Social Studies class, studying about the pioneers heading westward. The game builds off of the old computer game called “Oregon Trail.”  The game involves building bridges, forts, and camps to help survive on the Oregon Trail.  The game would be fun for kids, and help reinforce learning in the classroom because they could also play the game on an ipad on iphone at home. 

The game “Awesome Arithmetic” helps kids practice math skills including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.  The user can select the skills to be tested on, and the amount of digits used.  This would be a good game to help kids remember multiplication skills.  This would also be a good game to practice speed math where kids try to reach the answer as quickly as possible.  The difficulty of this game can be adjusted, so it would be appropriate for all grades.

I think that both of these app’s could be used in the classroom to enrich learning, and kids would enjoy using the ipads in the classroom to play these educational games.

A Rubric for Evaluating WebQuests
The WebQuest format can be applied to a variety of teaching situations. If you take advantage of all the possibilities inherent in the format, your students will have a rich and powerful experience. This rubric will help you pinpoint the ways in which your WebQuest isn't doing everything it could do. If a page seems to fall between categories, feel free to score it with in-between points.

Webquest: The Life of a Butterfly

	Beginning	Developing	Accomplished	Score
Overall Aesthetics (This refers to the WebQuest page itself, not the external resources linked to it.)
Overall Visual Appeal	0 points There are few or no graphic elements. No variation in layout or typography. OR Color is garish and/or typographic variations are overused and legibility suffers. Background interferes with the readability.	2 points Graphic elements sometimes, but not always, contribute to the understanding of concepts, ideas and relationships. There is some variation in type size, color, and layout.	4 points Appropriate and thematic graphic elements are used to make visual connections that contribute to the understanding of concepts, ideas and relationships. Differences in type size and/or color are used well and consistently. See Fine Points Checklist.	2- colors are appropriate, has animated pictures
Navigation & Flow	0 points Getting through the lesson is confusing and unconventional. Pages can't be found easily and/or the way back isn't clear.	2 points There are a few places where the learner can get lost and not know where to go next.	4 points Navigation is seamless. It is always clear to the learner what all the pieces are and how to get to them.	4- links to other pages, but I think it has too many game links, need more authentic hands-on study
Mechanical Aspects	0 points There are more than 5 broken links, misplaced or missing images, badly sized tables, misspellings and/or grammatical errors.	1 point There are some broken links, misplaced or missing images, badly sized tables, misspellings and/or grammatical errors.	2 points No mechanical problems noted. See Fine Points Checklist.	2-no broken links
Introduction
Motivational Effectiveness of Introduction	0 points The introduction is purely factual, with no appeal to relevance or social importance OR The scenario posed is transparently bogus and doesn't respect the media literacy of today's learners.	1 point The introduction relates somewhat to the learner's interests and/or describes a compelling question or problem.	2 points The introduction draws the reader into the lesson by relating to the learner's interests or goals and/or engagingly describing a compelling question or problem.	2- interesting topic, will be fun for kids to visually see the life cycle of a butterfly
Cognitive Effectiveness of the Introduction	0 points The introduction doesn't prepare the reader for what is to come, or build on what the learner already knows.	1 point The introduction makes some reference to learner's prior knowledge and previews to some extent what the lesson is about.	2 points The introduction builds on learner's prior knowledge and effectively prepares the learner by foreshadowing what the lesson is about.	1- uses basic prior knowledge, requires assistance
Task (The task is the end result of student efforts... not the steps involved in getting there.)
Connection of Task to Standards	0 points The task is not related to standards.	2 point The task is referenced to standards but is not clearly connected to what students must know and be able to do to achieve proficiency of those standards.	4 points The task is referenced to standards and is clearly connected to what students must know and be able to do to achieve proficiency of those standards.	4- states that students need to know the life cycle of a butterfly, lists standards
Cognitive Level of the Task	0 points Task requires simply comprehending or retelling of information found on web pages and answering factual questions.	3 points Task is doable but is limited in its significance to students' lives. The task requires analysis of information and/or putting together information from several sources.	6 points Task is doable and engaging, and elicits thinking that goes beyond rote comprehension. The task requires synthesis of multiple sources of information, and/or taking a position, and/or going beyond the data given and making a generalization or creative product. See WebQuest Taskonomy.	3- could use more higher order level of thinking skills
Process (The process is the step-by-step description of how students will accomplish the task.)
Clarity of Process	0 points Process is not clearly stated. Students would not know exactly what they were supposed to do just from reading this.	2 points Some directions are given, but there is missing information. Students might be confused.	4 points Every step is clearly stated. Most students would know exactly where they are at each step of the process and know what to do next.	2- some missing information, teacher will have to provide additional resources
Scaffolding of Process	0 points The process lacks strategies and organizational tools needed for students to gain the knowledge needed to complete the task. Activities are of little significance to one another and/or to the accomplishment of the task.	3 points Strategies and organizational tools embedded in the process are insufficient to ensure that all students will gain the knowledge needed to complete the task. Some of the activities do not relate specifically to the accomplishment of the task.	6 points The process provides students coming in at different entry levels with strategies and organizational tools to access and gain the knowledge needed to complete the task. Activities are clearly related and designed to take the students from basic knowledge to higher level thinking. Checks for understanding are built in to assess whether students are getting it. See: Process Guides A Taxonomy of Information Patterns Language Arts Standards and Technology WebQuest Enhancement Tools Reception, Transformation & Production Scaffolds	3- too many links to games, need more hands-on activities w/real world application
Richness of Process	0 points Few steps, no separate roles assigned.	1 points Some separate tasks or roles assigned. More complex activities required.	2 points Different roles are assigned to help students understand different perspectives and/or share responsibility in accomplishing the task.	0- no separate tasks, everyone will be doing the same thing
Resources (Note: you should evaluate all resources linked to the page, even if they are in sections other than the Process block. Also note that books, video and other off-line resources can and should be used where appropriate.)
Relevance & Quantity of Resources	0 points Resources provided are not sufficient for students to accomplish the task. OR There are too many resources for learners to look at in a reasonable time.	2 point There is some connection between the resources and the information needed for students to accomplish the task. Some resources don't add anything new.	4 points There is a clear and meaningful connection between all the resources and the information needed for students to accomplish the task. Every resource carries its weight.	2- some connection between resources, others not helpful
Quality of Resources	0 points Links are mundane. They lead to information that could be found in a classroom encyclopedia.	2 points Some links carry information not ordinarily found in a classroom.	4 points Links make excellent use of the Web's timeliness and colorfulness. Varied resources provide enough meaningful information for students to think deeply.	0- points can be found in classroom textbooks
Evaluation
Clarity of Evaluation Criteria	0 points Criteria for success are not described.	3 points Criteria for success are at least partially described.	6 points Criteria for success are clearly stated in the form of a rubric. Criteria include qualitative as well as quantitative descriptors. The evaluation instrument clearly measures what students must know and be able to do to accomplish the task. See Creating a Rubric.	3- uses a student diary to record life cycle stages
Total Score				28/50

 

webquest

http://questgarden.com/149/75/5/121022122114/t-index.htm

Webquest

___Efficiency Expert

___Affiliator

___Altitudinist

_x__Technophile

Your Impressions

WebQuest	Strengths	Weaknesses
Grow School Greens	Colors are attractive, links to other sites, pictures are animated	Did not list teaching standards
Where is My Hero?	Colors were vivid, listed teaching standards	Pictures were not animated, student-teacher pages were separate, links were hard to see when clicked on because of colors
Underground Railroad	Colors fit theme, links to other sites, graphic organizer good idea,	Pictures were not animated,
Ice Cream	Has links to other sites, colors appropriate	Does not list creator of webquest, no animated pictures, could use more instruction/video embedded in each page, could give examples of advertising
Ancient Egypt	Background colors could be more interesting, gives sample brochures, links back to webquest, links to other sites, informative, links to games	Top of page links to school site, can be a little confusing at first, non-animated pictures, could embed video to make it more interesting

 

 

Double Entry Journal #15 Deconstructing Digital Natives: Chapter 8 Beyond Google and The "Satisficing" Searching of Digital Natives. 1. What is the purpose of this chapter? To explore why students who are famililiar and adept with Internet tools are at times poor at using Internet academically. 2. What is the major finding from a review of studies that have looked at technology adoption of young people?. Does this finding seem to reflect your own use of technology? On the basis of the review, they aligned students "satisficing" information-seeking behavior and attitudes with a well established educational construct: a surface approach to learning. Sometimes I feel that I use a surface approach to learning, especially if I am not interested in the material being taught. If I am truly interested in the material and information being taught, I will dig deeper to find out more about the topic than just a surface approach. 3. How do the authors define Information Literacy? The authors define Information Literacy as a set of skills and knowledge that allow us to find, evaluate, and use the information that we need, as well as to filter out the information that we don't need. 4. What is the "clear message" from a review of the studies focused on college students information seeking behavior? Do these findings relfect your own information seeking behaviors? Rowlands and his colleagues found that 89 percent of college students use a search engine to begin their scholarly information seeking and only 2 percent use the library website. I would have to agree that I also use the internet to search a topic first and follow the "skimming" practice to determine if I think the website is valid and if it will be helpful to me. 5. What does the term "satisfcing" in the area of decision making mean? The term "satisficing" describes the decisions that individuals take that are satisfactory but not maximal or optimal, in other words acceptable based on personal criterion but not always the best choice. 6. What are the differences to deep and surface level approaches to a learning task? Students who adopted a deep level approach to learning focused on comprehension of the meaning behind the material. Students who adopted a surface level approach to learning tended to focus on reproduction of what was contained within the learning material without concern for understanding. 7. What should educators aim to do to improve the scripts student have for sophisticated online information seeking? Educators should encourage a deep level approach to information seeking because they are associated with greater conceptual understanding of the material that is presented. 8. Why is Google's page rank system problematic for information seeking? Because students can become frustrated with the functionality and ease of use of online academic tools and services, which will result in heavy use of familiar tools known to produce results, and the quality of these sources can also be questioned. 9. Are you "digitally wise" when it comes to information seeking? Give an example of how you approached an information seeking task for one of your academic courses this semester (do not include this class). No, I am not "digitally wise" when it comes to information seeking because I was never taught how to search properly for academic purposes. For another class, I used Wikipedia when searching to find information because I knew I would find results fast and be able to use the information. 10. Has the popularity of the Internet and the information contained on the Web created a new problem for undergraduate students research skills? Why of Why not? Yes, because we are uninformed about how to search properly to gain the best knowledge.

ThinkAloud

A think aloud about privatization of health care by from dmcdonald1977

Bunnies in the snow by: Eden McDonald age 7 by dmcdonald1977 on Storybird

Bedtime Stories by dmcdonald1977 on Storybird

Dogs I like them. Ask me why. Because they like to play fetch, Because they like to play catch, Because they like to give puppy kisses, Because they are man's best friend, Because they are always happy to greet you, Because they are always happy to meet you, Because they beg for dog biscuits, Because they are soft, furry and lovable. Because. Because Because. That's why I like Dogs

Double Entry Journal #14 Chapter 7: Citizens Navigating in Literate Worlds: The case of digital literacy. Read the introduction through to the sub heading "Studying Digital Youth" on page 102. 1. What is the purpose of this chapter? To look closer at the term "digital literacy" as a way of understanding how young people relate to the digital culture that they live in, and the role of education in developing their knowledge and skills further. 2. Why did the author choose to focus on your people in the Nordic countries? Because his research has mostly dealt with media use in this cultural setting, both inside and outside of schools. 3. How does education differ in Nordic countries from education in other parts of the world including the United States. The technology usage and accessibility within the education systems in Nordic countries is much greater that that of other parts of the world, including the United States because the Nordic countries place a higher value on technology than creativity and productivity. 4. Why is more research needed about how young people use digital media in their lives outside of school? Because the there is a great variation in how digitally competent and technologically interested young people are. Then begin reading again on p. 110 Digital Literacies and Educational Practices 1. Why is it important for there to be more opportunities for young people to use Digital Media in school? Because the more familiar that young people become with Digital Media in school, the more likely that they will use it at home and build their skills and knowledge base of Digital Media. 2. What skills do people need in order to be considered digitally literate? They need to know how to operate and use the Digital Media that they are exposed to.

http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2012/10/23/could-the-solution-to-global-warming-be-more-chemicals

Chapter 6: Analyzing Students' Multimodal Texts: The Product and the Process

Double Journal Entry #12

 

1. Why do educators need to be careful about terms like "Digital Native"?

Because the term leads to an understanding of a whole generation as a homogeneous group which is incorrect because a diverse range of skills and skill levels exist across student populations.

2. What outcome occurs when young people are encourage to transform their understanding of particular topics by designing a multimodal text?  Positive and enhanced.

3. You may skip the section titled "Context for the Project".

4. What was the goal of the project in terms of product?

To track the development of the participants' multimodal literacies over a two-year period by comparing two multimodal products created at the beginning and end of the period.

 

5. What was the goal of the project in terms of process?

To gain a deeper understanding of how multimodal texts were created, when students were working in pairs at the computer.

6. How were the participants fro the study selected?

Students were selected that fulfilled the following three criteria: they had worked collaboratively in pairs, they had fully completed the task, and the video screen data recordings were intact and complete.

 

7. Describe the task students engage is for the purpose of this study?

The students had to create a website describing the impact of plastic bags on the environment with their conclusions.

8. Explain how the researchers compared the student created multimodal texts?

The researchers compared the first slide/page in the set, the choice and shape or wording in the heading of individual slides/pages throughout the set, and the quality of knowledge revealed in each slide/page and complete set.

9. What differences in Jenny's PowerPoint presentation do you find the most interesting?

In the later slides, her position on the topic is neutral initially, and the colors are more constrained.

10. How is working together on a computer unlike working together using a pencil and paper?

The wait time on a computer is unpredictable, the wait time from keying an instruction and a response is unpredictable, and the result the computer provides to an instruction is often unexpected.

11. What was interesting about student's behavior as they collaborated on a task at the computer?  There was also evidence of off-task discussion.

 

12. What can teacher learn about designing learning activities that involve the creation of multimodal texts from this study?  Students spent too much time discussing the tasks at hand rather than completing them, and many students did not get the tasks completed.

 

13. According the the conclusion of this study, what do students need to learn in order to successful complete a multimodal text construction?

A range of skills that include ICT skills, cognitive skills such as; analysis, synthesis,summation, and logical organization of ideas, focus and time management skills.

14. Are you surprised by the conclusions drawn in this study?

No, because I see it every day in the classroom.

Evaluating Web Pages Worksheet

Title of web page: Longtime Republicans Torn Between Party Loyalty and Obamacare

URL of the web page http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/06/health/republicans-conflicted-obamacare/index.html

What can you tell about this web page from the URL?

The webpage is from CNN, so it is a legitimate news source.
Authority
Is there an author of the document or web page?
Yes, Elizabeth Cohen, William Hudson also contributed to the article.

If yes, who is the author?

Elizabeth Cohen

Are his/her affiliations and qualifications given?

Yes.  Listed below

If yes, list them.

Senior medical correspondent for CNN

Before joining CNN in 1991, Elizabeth was associate producer of Green Watch, an environmental television program on WLVI in Boston, a reporter for States News Service in Washington, D.C., and a reporter for the The Times Union newspaper in Albany, N.Y., where she won a Hearst Award.
Cohen is the recipient of the outstanding alumna award from Columbia College in New York City, where she received a bachelor's degree in history, and the Distinguished Alumni Award at Boston University where she earned a master's degree in public health. http://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/cohen.elizabeth.html

I feel that Elizabeth is a valid source because of her credentials as a reporter and her education.

Is contact information provided (address, phone

number, email)?
Yes.

Who is the publisher or sponsoring organization

for this web page?
AARP, low cost health plans

Accuracy

Do you trust the information given on the web

page? Is it

reliable and valid?

Yes, it is from CNN.

 

Does the web page document its sources? In

other words, does it tell you where the

information comes from?  Yes

How does the information on the web page

compare with what you already know?

It gives real-life examples of situations that people are facing regarding healthcare.

 

Currency

Does the web page tell you when it was created

and last

revised?  Oct 7, 2012

Are there outdated (dead) links?  No

Coverage

 

What is the depth and breadth of the information

on the web

page?       I feel that the article is informative and the depth and breadth of the information is exponential enough that the reader can form an opinion of their viewpoint of Obamacare.

Does it contain original information or just links

to other sources?   Original information affecting real people

Does the information have real value? Explain.

Yes, because it gives example of how real people are affected.It gives examples of how voters may change their vote, if Obamacare will benefit them.

Objectivity

What is the web page's purpose or intent? Why

was it created?

To inform people about the effects that Obamacare will have on healthcare, so that voters can make an informed decision on whose political party that they support.

 

 

Is the information biased? Is it designed to sway

opinion? From whose perspective is it given?
According to Wikipedia, CNN can be a biased source, in favor of Obama.
It is given from the viewpoint of someone who is in favor of Obamacare, but it gives real-life examples to back up the situations.

 

Value: Was the page worth visiting? Does the site offer anything informative, substantial, or insightful? Is the site free of spelling and grammatical errors?

Yes, the page was worth visiting.  I feel that the information was substantial because it gave different viewpoints and authenticity to how Obamacare can affect Americans.

Yes, the sight is free of spelling and grammatical errors.

Title of web page 

Perry: Texas will stand against "Obamacare"

URL of the web page

http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/07/09/perry-texas-will-stand-against-obamacare/?iref=allsearch

What can you tell about this web page from the URL?

It is from CNN, so it is valid

Authority

Is there an author of the document or web page?Yes

If yes, who is the author?

Ashley Killough, Tom Cohen

Are his/her affiliations and qualifications given?

Yes

If yes, list them.

Reporters for CNN

Is contact information provided (address, phone

number, email)?

Yes

Who is the publisher or sponsoring organization

for this web page?

CNN

Accuracy

Do you trust the information given on the web

page? Is it

reliable and valid?  Yes

Does the web page document its sources? In

other words, does it tell you where the

information comes from?
Perry's political campaign

How does the information on the web page

compare with what you already know?
Yes

Currency

Does the web page tell you when it was created

and last

revised? July 9, 2012

Are there outdated (dead) links? No

Coverage

What is the depth and breadth of the information

on the web

page?
It is one political partys viewpoint.

Does it contain original information or just links

to other sources? Original

Does the information have real value? Explain.
Yes and No. because it only gives one side to they story.

Objectivity

What is the web page's purpose or intent? Why

was it created?  It is against Obamacare.

•

inform/facts/data

•

explain

•

persuade

•

sell/advertise

•

share/disclose

•

other

Is the information biased? Is it designed to sway

opinion? From whose perspective is it given
Yes, Perry's prespective.

Evaluating Web Pages Worksheet

 

Title of web page:  Longtime Republicans Torn Between Party Loyalty and Obamacare

 

URL of the web page http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/06/health/republicans-conflicted-obamacare/index.html

What can you tell about this web page from the URL?

The webpage is from CNN, so it is a legitimate news source.

Authority
   Is there an author of the document or web page?
Yes.

If yes, who is the author?

Elizabeth Cohen

Are his/her affiliations and qualifications given?

Yes.

If yes, list them.

Senior medical correspondent

Is contact information provided (address, phone

number, email)?
Yes.

Who is the publisher or sponsoring organization

for this web page?
AARP, low cost health plans

Accuracy

Do you trust the information given on the web

page?

Yes.

 Is it

reliable and valid?
Yes.
Does the web page document its sources? In

other words, does it tell you where the

information comes from?

Yes, it hyperlinks you to other sites.

How does the information on the web page

compare with what you already know?

Yes.

 

Currency

Does the web page tell you when it was created

and last

revised?

October 7, 2012

Are there outdated (dead) links?

No.

Coverage

What is the depth and breadth of the information

on the web
page?
Gives a variety of sources.

Does it contain original information or just links

to other sources?

Links to other sources.

Does the information have real value? Explain.
Yes, because it gives real life examples.

Objectivity

What is the web page's purpose or intent? Why

was it created?

It is pro Obama and Obamacare.

•

inform/facts/data

•

explain

•

persuade

•

sell/advertise

•

share/disclose

•

other

Is the information biased? Is it designed to sway

opinion? From whose perspective is it given?

Yes, because it doesn't give examples of the alternatives.

Double Journal Entry #11
High Noon chapter 7,8,9
.
 1. Why are networks better than hierarchies?
Networks are smarter, more adaptable and faster at turning themselves around than traditional hierarchies.

2. What is a nation-state and how is it being threatened?
A nation-state is a territorial concept that contains a physical territory, a political system, environmental system, and an ecomonic system.

3. How is civil society gaining legitimacy over government agencies? Give an example of a NGO (non-government agency) whose goals and services you think are beneficial to solving a global problem.
Civil society has became more powerful through increasing uses of new technologies. The World Wildlife Federation (WWF) is a non-governmental agency that helps with global problems, such as preserving wildlife.

4. How can business be a helpful global enforcer?
Because businesses help control regulations.

5. What can too much economic and social change lead to?
Too much economic and social change, too fast, can lead to political backlash, autarchy, and authoritarian control that can destroy liberal values and human freedoms.

6. What global issue concerns you the most? Why?
The global issues that concern me the most right now are the downfall of the economy, lack of good jobs, fear of not being able to retire, and increasingly high cost of living.

Double Entry Journal #10

Chapter #3: Students, the Net Generation, and Digital Natives 1. What is the fundamental problem with the discourses around children's use of technology?  According to Prensky, it fails to reflect the diversity and complexity to be found in real lives, and can have real impacts on the way these views are taken up and embedded in policy. 2. What is meant by the term "moral panic"? Link to an image, online article, cartoon, or some other resource that depicts the "moral panic" associated with young people's use of digital technologies. The term "moral panic" is a term that has arisen to describe conditions in which an identified group in society is portrayed as a threat to social values and norms ie. digital natives. 3. How do you feel about engaging in more "collaborative learning" during your education at Fairmont State? I think that engaging in collaborative learning can be a good thing if it is done in the classroom.  I have encountered issues in the past where an assignment was a group project and not all members participated in doing the work. 4. Do you think Universities should move to a more free-market based privatization business model? Why?  No, because I like the face-to-face interaction and I think that something would be lost in the learning process if every single class was web-based instruction by one professor addressing thousands of students online.  Even though that professor may be the most or best qualified for teaching the subject, how can he/she provide one-on-one feedback to each individual student and prepare that student for the workforce? 5. According to the author what is wrong with Prenskey's revised position on his definition of "digital native"? Do you agree with this authors criticism of Prenskey's view of the role technology plays in the education of young people? Prenskey's revised position on digital natives suggests that digital enhancement is essential, even though it moves beyond a straightforward divide between immigrants and natives, digital enhancement must be accepted to succeed. No, because I feel that Prenskey's views are correct in the fact that the education of young people does require the continued advancements of technology.  Society has to determine what is acceptable and what is not acceptable. 6. What are the characteristics of Millennial? Are you a Millennial? The characteristics of a Millennial include: digital and technologically affluent, part of long-term processes rooted in human history, biology, and culture and to have core values that include community, technology, and affluence. Yes, I feel that I am a millennial because I am becoming more digitally and technologically affluent, and have values of community and succeeding. 7. Do you think there is such a thing as the "Net Generation"? Why? Why not? Yes, because today's university students are different than the student's 20 years ago.  Now students are more familiar with digital technology and can quickly navigate Internet on their cell phones, their blog pages and tell you the best price for an item that they want to purchase with the click of a button.  Finding research for papers is much easier that what it was 20 years ago, but the researcher must be more careful to make sure that the source is reliable.  8. What is meant by the term "networked individualism"? Castells describes the social form taken by the network society as networked individualism.  The concept allows for sociability through diverse geographical locations through networks that have weak ties.  9. How would you feel about Fairmont State discontinuing the use of Blackboard and Webmail to using Gmail and Google tools? It might be better, because Blackboard and Webmail haven't worked well in the past. 10. Why does the term "Digital Native" persist despite lack of empirical evidence of age related difference due to rapid increase of digital technologies? The term "Digital Native" persists because stereotyping is needed in order to reduce complexity and to apply simplified rules of thumb.  11. Who societal sector seems to be benefiting the most from the social construction of a "Digital Native" generation?  The commercial and market interests are benefiting from selling technology based items to the Digital Natives so that they can keep up with their the Net Generation, and the Net Generation is constantly looking for digital upgrades.  12. Which argument about "digital natives" needs to be discarded and which one needs to be explored? Why?

 The idea that technology simply determines the outlook of an entire generation should be discarded; and the idea that the variety among young people and the patterns that arise in relation to their use of technologies need to be explored.